Health & Care Information

Almost 90 years old, the modified lip flap Martius is still an integral part of the modern vaginal surgeon’s arsenal. Here we describe this versatile and straightforward technique, avoidance of pitfalls, its benefits and applications in vaginal surgery, and short and long-term results. They usually see the scar report of …

What is a Coggins test? A Coggins test is a blood test done mainly on horses and sometimes on donkeys to check Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA), caused by the Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV). It is a virus that affects horses mainly and sometimes donkeys too. This test is named …

Furlow Palatoplasty is also known as Furlow Z Plasty, is the procedure to treat a common complication in children named Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI). Before coming to the main topic, we will first discuss what Velopharyngeal Insufficiency (VPI) is? When the average person is speaking, the soft palate called velum is lifted and is closed against …

Hirayama’s disease is rare cervical myelopathy, and we can find it in young males. In 1959 Keizo Hirayama described this disorder as juvenile muscular atrophy of the unilateral upper extremity. Hirayama’s disease is a rare neurological disease. Its symptoms include weakness of the distal upper limb and initial progressive muscular …

A herniation is an abnormal lump of an organ or other body part naturally or through a defect in a muscle, bone, or covering membrane. So we can say that the Uncal Herniation is a brain disease or abnormality in the brain but, before coming to its original definition, we’ll …

Laugier- Hunziker syndrome (LHS) is an uncommon and scarce syndrome associated with the conditions of hyperpigmentation of oral mucosa (membrane lining in the inner side of mouth) and also the pigmentations of nails. The pigmentations are likely to be dark brown biconvex discoloration located majorly on the mucosa and beneath …

PJK is the most prevalent complication following a long instrumented posterior fusion in adult spinal deformity (ASD). Spine specialists defined the development of this abnormal kyphosis in various ways. The definition of PJK was first defined by Lee et al. and was commonly agreed upon by most specialists. According to …

Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a scarce soft, fleshy muscle or tissue tumor of complex molecular and ultra-architectural characteristics. This kind of sarcoma prognosis is not easy, like other soft tissue sarcomas diagnosed by clinical and radiological findings. This sarcoma has a unique gene fusion (EWSR1-NR4A3) that helps build a …

Heerfordt syndrome (also perceived as uveoparotid fever and Heerfordt-Waldenström syndrome) is a critical syndromal presentation of sarcoidosis. Multiple nodular sores identify sarcoidosis in the skin, eyes, internal organs, salivary glands, and lymph node enlargement. In 1909, an ophthalmologist from Denmark, C. F. Heerfordt, first described the indications – uveitis, parotid …

Kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs located under the rib cage region. Healthy kidneys are vital for a healthy life. Its function is to remove toxic waste, excessive water, and other impurities from the blood. It usually cleanses the blood, detoxifies the bladder, and then removes the toxins during …