Diseases

Jaccoud arthropathy is manifested by joint abnormalities that resemble rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but are actively correctable and lack bone loss on radiographs without contrast. The pathophysiology of Jaccoud arthropathy is still unknown, and definitive diagnostic criteria are not established yet. A localized inflammatory process in the periarticular soft tissues is identified as the …

Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma, more commonly referred to as SEF, is an extremely rare form of cancer that manifests itself in the bones and soft tissues. It develops most frequently in the limbs, legs, head, and neck of the host, but it appears anywhere on the body. There is a network …

Hand-Schuller-Christian illness is a unique disorder in which the body develops lipids. These lipids combine with immune cells called histiocytes to produce granulomas in numerous regions, such as the epidermis, skull, and many internal organs. This disease is characterized as a multifocal uni system disease. This feature of the disease shows …

Choledochoduodenostomy is a quick, safe, and easy procedure for treating complex calculous illnesses of the common bile duct. It is especially beneficial for high-risk, elderly, or handicapped patients. In this procedure, the anastomosis of the bile duct is commonly performed side-to-side. Through this, a surgical connection is made between the …

The treatment option for anal fissures other than medications or dietary changes is characterized as Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy. It helps in treating the fissures by lowering the pressure in the anus. It assists in the reduction of anus spasms by increasing blood flow, and this, in turn, aids in tissue …

Retrolental fibroplasia (RLF) also known as Terry syndrome or retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), is an eye illness that affects premature newborns who are under neonatal critical care and oxygen therapy due to their premature lungs. This disease mostly affects the retinas of premature newborns. Retinas are the light-sensitive inside lining of …

Perineal pyramidal refers to a protrusion of perineal tissue or a lump around the anus in young children, typically girls. This disease is known by different names such as infantile perianal pyramidal protrusion, infantile perineal protrusion, the perianal protrusion in childhood, and perianal pyramidal protrusion. It is distinguished by a …

Orbital apex syndrome is a condition in which the cranial and optic nerves are involved and they do not work properly. This condition can affect the vision of the individuals and can lead to visual loss. This disease also affects the region of the superior orbital fissure as well as …

Esophageal papilloma, a rare benign tumor, is sometimes linked to HPV infection. This HPV infection can develop digestive tract carcinomas, upper respiratory tract carcinomas, anogenital cancers, and cervix cancer. Squamous papillomas are aberrant masses that can develop in the esophagus. Squamous papillomas appear as tiny, whitish-pink exophytic projections that resemble warts. …

Abdomino-phrenic dyssynergia is a condition in which the gastrointestinal system does not function normally. The digestive system of the patient in this condition functions opposite to the normal. It involves contracting of diaphragm muscles and relaxing of abdominal muscles. Thus, the coordination between these two muscles is disturbed. This dysfunction …